ترجمه مقاله راهنمای شغلی-مدیریت تولید

عنوان موضوع فارسی::راهنمای شغلی-مدیریت تولید

عنوان موضوع انگلیسی::Career Guide – Production Management

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Career Guide – Production Management
 
THE WORK
Production managers oversee the production process in all types of manufacturing operation, from car manufacture to clothing or footwear production.  Their main concern is to make the best use of available resources (labour, materials, plant and money).  This involves ensuring that production targets are achieved and customer orders completed according to specification and on time.  This involves organising production into cost centre areas, with supervisors of those areas agreeing performance standards for which they are accountable.
Managers spend much of their time attending meetings and liaising with colleagues, including manufacturing/production planners/controllers and supervisors.  The present arguments, write reports, keep records and also undertake numerical work involving use of computers.  When problems arise during manufacturing, they liaise with colleagues to identify the problem, find the causes, take corrective action and carry out follow-up procedures.
Production managers usually work days, Monday to Friday, 37 to 40 hours a week.  Some evening and weekend work is often required for meetings or when dealing with crises.  They spend much of their time working in an office, though often they need to go out onto the factory floor.

راهنمای شغلی  –  مدیریت تولید
کار:
مدیران تولید فرایند تولید را در تمام انواع کار تولید از تولید ماشین گرفته تا تولید کفش نظارت می کنند و توجه ویژه شان بر این نکته است که بهترین استفاده ازمنابع موجودرابه عمل آورند
(کار،مواد،کارخانه و سرمایه) که این اطمینان از اینکه استراتژی های تولید به کارگرفته شده اند و دستورات مشتری نیزسروقت همان گونه که مشخص شده در اختیار او قرلر می گیرد را شامل می شود.این شامل سازماندهی تولید درمناطق مراکزهزینه می شود با ناظرانی برای آن مناطق که بر استانداردهای کار توافق کرده اند چون آنها مسئول هستند.
مدیران بیشتر وقتشان را درشرکت در جلسات و درارتباط با دانشگاهها می گذرانند که آنها اغلب ناظران،کنترل کننده ها طراحان تولید می باشند.بحث های کنونی و گزارشات نوشته شده ثبت ها را حفظ می کنند و همچنین کارهای عددی که شامل استفاده از کامپیوترمی شودرابر عهده می گیرند.زمانی که مشکلاتی درحین تولید به وجود می آید آنها با دانشگاهها ارتباط برقرار می کنند تا مشکل را تشخیص دهند و علت های آنرا پیدا کنند و کاردرست را انجام دهند و روش های بعدی را نیز بر عهده  می گیرند.مدیران تولید معمولاروزها از دوشنبه تا جمعه۳۷ تا ۴۰ ساعت یک هفته کار می کنند و بعد از ظهرها و پایان هفته را معمولا درجلسات و یا بحث درباره بحران ها می گذرانند.آنها اغلب وقتشان را با کار در اداره می گذرانند گرچه اغلب نیاز است که در سطح کارخانه نیز قدم بزنند.

متن انگلیسی راهنمای شغلی  –  مدیریت تولید

Production management

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Entry Requirements

Considerable experience is normally required to become a fully-fledged production manager. Most people in such a
position have usually worked in subsidiary roles, such as inventory control, configuration analysis, material planning or as
a supervisor.

Nowadays, most entrants to the profession have a degree or HND, but there are also opportunities for non-graduates
who are prepared to study for professional qualifications, such as those offered by The Institute of Operations
Management (IOM) or the Institute of Leadership and Management (ILM).

A degree/HND in one of the following disciplines is desirable, depending on the type of industry you wish to work in:

mechanical engineering;

food science/technology;

process engineering;

business/management;

electrical and electronic engineering;

materials science/technology;

transport/distribution/logistics;

chemistry;

physics;

biochemistry.

However, a qualification in some other discipline (eg, civil engineering, the humanities) would not preclude a person from
working in production management given sufficient motivation and a willingness to study for the relevant professional
qualifications. A few universities offer degree courses in production management: Coventry, Huddersfield, Leeds and
University of the Arts. Postgraduate courses in production management are offered at Teesside, Nottingham and the
University of Manchester.

Pre-entry experience, while not essential, would be very useful, whether it takes the form of vacation employment or a
work placement in an industrial environment during your course. If formal schemes are not open to you, try to arrange a
work-shadowing placement. The IOM may be able to offer suggestions.

Employers will be looking for more than just technical knowledge and, to make a success of this career, potential
candidates will need to show evidence of the following:

ability to think on your feet;

ability to act decisively;

ability to grasp concepts easily;

problem-solving capabilities

ICT literacy

ability to communicate clearly and persuasively

good organisational skills

willingness to accept responsibility

ability to work under pressure and to deadlines

good physical health

ability to motivate others

self-confidence

ability to work in a logical, systematic manner

good judgement

common senseTraining

Many larger companies offer a graduate management training scheme, which combines work experience in different
parts of the organisation (including production management) with training, which may be in-house, by distance learning
or involving study at an educational institution. Certain degree and HND courses include industrial placements. One
favoured route for those working in industry is to study for the professional qualifications offered by The Institute of
Operations Management (IOM). These include:

the Certificate in Operations Management, which provides a foundation course for those progressing to the
Diploma;

the Diploma in Operations Management, which is aimed at young professional managers working in the field,
developing knowledge and understanding of the practical areas of production management and awareness of the
human and financial issues found in modern organisations;

the Advanced Diploma in Operations Management, which is designed to combine a broad foundation in research
and project techniques with a specific applied research investigation.

The Chartered Management Institute (CMI) also offers a range of qualifications in management, including a Level 5 NVQ
and SVQ in Operations Management.

Both the IOM and the CMI offer advice on continuous professional development (CPD).

Production manager

Career Development

Graduates often start off as graduate trainees and gain experience in a number of different aspects of production
management (such as materials management, inventory control, configuration analysis, production control, purchasing
management) before moving on to become production supervisor or shift manager.

Some production managers eventually assume a more strategic role and become involved with long-term planning rather
than day-to-day operations. There are often opportunities to move into general management. In larger organisations a
production manager may well be responsible for production on a number of sites, and opportunities to set up and
manage operations overseas may arise with multinational firms.

There is no one tried and tested way of moving up in the profession and you are advised to read the case studies to see
how different individuals have progressed in their careers. Further examples are available on The Institute of Operations
Management (IOM) website.

Many who are new to the profession find they are encouraged by their employers to acquire a professional qualification,
and it may well prove advantageous to do so (see Training). In any case, managers need to continually update their
knowledge and experience as new systems and processes become available.

Typical Employers

The manufacturing sector accounts for about one sixth of the economy, providing around 3.5 million jobs directly and
many more indirectly. Most manufacturing companies – large and small – have a production manager, though the actual
title will vary. In very small companies, which are often privately owned, the job may be combined with other functions.

Many manufacturing companies have become household names:

in food processing, Cadbury, Schweppes, Unilever, Nestle and Northern Foods are among the leaders, with plants
throughout the United Kingdom;

in pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline and Astra Zeneca are prominent but there are many other smaller
companies, mainly in the South East of England;

many automobile manufacturers and component makers have plants in the UK, including BMW, Ford, GKN,
Honda, Nissan, Peugeot and Toyota;

in the aerospace and defence sector, BAE Systems, Rolls-Royce, Dowty Messier and Smiths Industries play an
important role.

the electronics industry continues to offer opportunities in such fields as information technology hardware (Fujitsu,
Marconi) and electrical consumer goods (Sony, Hitachi).

Production managers are also employed in chemical engineering, heavy engineering, textiles and the printing industry.
The ceramics industry, based mainly in the Potteries, is in decline, suffering competition from cheaper products from the
Far East.

Many companies are involved in several types of production, which can include:

jobbing production (the manufacture of small, often single qualities of a large range of products made to order);

mass production (a small range of products manufactured in very large quantities);

process production (usually involving chemical, rather than mechanical processes);

batch production (where products are manufactured neither singly nor continually).

Sources of Vacancies

Prospects Finalist;

Prospects Today;

Prospects Directory;

The Hobsons Directory;

Jimfinder (Jobs in Manufacturing) (http://www.jimfinder.com);

Production Engineering Solutions;

Electronics Manufacturing Products;

Control Magazine;

Electronics Times;

careers service vacancy lists;

broadsheet national newspapers;

local press

recruitment agencies specialising in the manufacturing sector.

Related Occupations

Distribution/logistics manager

Manufacturing engineer

Manufacturing systems engineer

Materials engineer

Operational researcher

Process engineer

Quality assurance manager

Production manager

Find comprehensive careers information on www.prospects.ac.uk and in your HE careers service

Page 3 of 4

Information Sources

Bibliography

AGCAS and Graduate Prospects products are available from higher education careers services.

AGCAS Publications

Engineering Sector, Sector Briefing
Manufacturing Sector, Sector Briefing

Graduate Prospects Publications

Prospects Directory
Prospects Finalist
Prospects Today

Other Publications

Control Magazine, The Institute of Operations Management (IOM), Monthly
Electronics Times, CMP United Business Media, Weekly
Electronics Manufacturing Products, MIT Publishing Limited, Monthly
The Hobsons Directory, CRAC/Hobsons Publications, Annual
Inside Careers: Engineering and Technology, Inside Careers, Annual
Inside Careers: Logistics and Transport Management, Inside Careers
Production Engineering Solutions, MIT Publishing Limited, Monthly

Websites

Jimfinder (Jobs in Manufacturing), http://www.jimfinder.com

Addresses

Chartered Management Institute (CMI), Management House, Cottingham Road, Corby, Northants, NN17 1TT
Tel: 01536 204 222 URL: http://www.managers.org.uk

Engineering Council UK (ECUK), 10 Maltravers St, London, WC2R 3ER Tel: 020 7240 7891
URL: http://www.engc.org.uk